Chapter+17+Notes

A Nation Divided · North had to fight back o Why? What were they trying to protect? o They were trying to stay together, to preserve the Union. · Southerners believed that they had the right to leave the Union. o Why? o The Declaration of Independence gives them the right to ABOLISH and ALTER. o Why else did they want the war? o Slavery 1861 · Four states joined the Confederacy. o Virginia o North Carolina o Tennessee o Arkansas · The last four states to join were border states. o Kentucky, Missouri, Maryland, and Delaware (Union) · Martial Law? o Martial Law is where the military takes control of a country and strict laws are imposed, such as certain times to be home by. o This takes away the peoples rights (long-term=angry peope) o The whole thing can be seen as good or bad. War Leaders · Jefferson Davis o President of the CSA (Confederate States of America) o West Point Military Academy Alumni o Was respected for his honesty and his courage · Abraham Lincoln o No national experience o Strong leader and fine war planner Battles · Union Plans o Navy Blockade on Southern ports (the anaconda plan) o Seize control of the Mississippi River o Then seize Richmond, Virginia (the Confed. capital) o Why? · Confederate Plans o Fighting defensively (no real plan?) o How is this ironic overall between the battle plans and the motivation to leave the Union? First Civil War Battle · Battle of Bull Run (pg. 491) o Union heads toward Richmond o CSA meets the Union at a small Virginia stream o Union troops panicked and ran Naval Action · Monitor vs. Merrimack o Monitor = Union ship; Merrimack=CSA ship o Started off as wooden ships and were covered in iron plates to protect them o The Monitor sank 15 miles down the river o Neither side won, but this battle changed naval warfare o How? The iron sidings led to today’s metal ships. Lifestyle · Soldiers had hard lives, most were young, most under 21 · Medicine was not readily advanced like today’s o Doctors didn’t know that germs caused diseases · POWs? (Prisoners of War) o Andersonville, Georgia was where a major POW camp was held · Define Copperheads o Northerners that were against the war o Page 501 o Were they in North or the South? (North) o Were they for or against it? (against) · Habeas Corpus? o Why was this controversial? o Did it give too much power to Lincoln? · North was able to pay for the war by taxing people o Income taz? o Inflation? Chancellorsville · Virginia, 1863 · The setting of The Red Badge of Courage · Over twice as many union soldiers. · Union leader-Hooker · Confederate leader- Jackson, who died from FF (Friendly Fire), then Robert E. Lee · This was Lee’s “perfect battle” · How did the Union Lose? o Incompetent leaders o Hooker lost his nerve, no offensive strategy Gettysburg · After many losses, Lee attacked the union again · Lee ordered Picket’s Charge… which failed · Lee admitted defeat at Gettysburg Why is Gettysburg so famous? · Lincoln was disappointed by the attack because the confederates got away · Sherman’s March to the sea · Total war o Destroying pretty much everything o Food, shelters, equipment Grant ordered General Sherman to capture Atlanta · Captured in 1864 · Sherman’s troops ripped up railroad tracks o Killed livestock and tore up fields o Burned barns, homes, and bridges o Slaves from the South followed Sherman during his march · Grant began a drive to capture Richmond in May 1864 o With fresh supplies, Grant took Richmond o Lee surrendered at Appomattox court House to General Grant
 * Chapter 17 Notes **

Note: I don’t understand a few parts of this either Elaina…